For a long time, scientists thought that all memory was stored in one way. There were many theories, including that each individual neuron held a memory. But as more research was done on memory, including on people with amnesia caused by brain damage, it became clear that different kinds of memories are stored in different ways. First, an individual memory is not necessarily stored in one place. Memories often include different information, such as images, language, smells, and emotions, and this kind of information is handled by different cortices and parts of the brain. Working memory, a better term for short-term memory, is information that we hold on to while we're using it. When we try to hold on to information in this way, there will be bursts of gamma oscillations in the cells related to learning while information is being presented, then staggered bursts in the different areas of cells related to the information ...